Pancreatic Cancer
Understanding Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy that usually originates in the pancreatic ducts. Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, and genetic predisposition. Symptoms are often nonspecific, including jaundice, abdominal pain, weight loss, and digestive issues, often leading to late-stage diagnosis. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, or targeted therapy.
Signs and Symptoms of Pancreatic Cancer
- Jaundice
- Abdominal pain
- Unexplained weight loss
Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer
- Genetics and family history – Some inherited syndromes increase risk
- Smoking and alcohol consumption – Linked to higher cancer rates
- Chronic pancreatitis
Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer
- Endoscopy – Examines the oesophagus, stomach, first part of the small bowel. Visualisation of the pancreas with endoscopic ultrasound (“EUS”).
- Biopsy – Confirms cancer
- Imaging – CT, MRI or PET scans help determine the stage
Treatment Options for Pancreatic Cancer
Early-Stage Disease
- Surgery (Whipple Procedure or Distal Pancreatectomy) – If the tumour is resectable.
- Chemotherapy – Given before and/or after surgery
- Radiotherapy – In select cases
Metastatic Disease
- Systemic Treatments:
- Chemotherapy
- Targeted Therapy
- Immunotherapy (in select cases)
- Radiation – Often to help pain or specific symptoms
- Clinical Trials – Investigating novel targeted agents, immunotherapies, and combination treatments.